Practice English Speaking&Listening with: Human Heart - Anatomy, Structure & Function - Biology - NEET 2021 - GCSE

the human

heart

today let's talk about the sign of love

the heart

in this video you will learn the basic

principles

about pressure and blood flow the basic

structure

function and anatomy of heart the three

layers of heart muscle tissue

the four chambers of the heart and

finally

the four valves of the heart

now let's talk about the basic

principles about pressure and blood flow

first of all in the heart the blood

flows from higher pressure to lower

pressure

similarly the walls open and close

according to these pressure gradients

now you got to always remember that the

volume equals pressure

higher the blood volume higher the

pressure

and lower the blood volume lower the

pressure

and finally contraction increases the

pressure

and relaxation decreases the pressure

now that we are done with the basic

principles let's talk about the basic

anatomy of the heart

as we all know that heart is a muscular

organ which pumps blood through the

vessels of your body

let's try to label the following diagram

to get a basic idea of anatomy of heart

here we have a cross section of a human

heart

this is the pericardium the myogardium

the left atrium the left ventricle

the right atrium and the right ventricle

we have the walls the tricuspid valve

the bicuspid valve

the pulmonary valve and the aortic valve

we also have the inferior vena cava

the right pulmonary veins the right

pulmonary artery

the superior vena cava and of course the

aorta

and the left pulmonary arteries along

with

left pulmonary veins

after discussing the basic anatomy of

the heart let's talk about what the

cardiac muscle is made of so

what are the three layers of the heart

muscle the heart is composed of a

specialized type of muscle tissue

known as the cardiac muscle narcotic

muscle is a striated muscle that is

present

only in the heart the heart muscle is

composed of three layers

the outer layer the middle layer and the

inner layer the epicardium outer layer

prevents excess

expansion or movement of the heart the

myocardium middle layer

initiates contractions driving the

cardiac cycle and the endocardium inner

layer

lines the cavities and the valves

cardiac muscle tissue is involuntary and

controlled by the autonomic nervous

system

heart tissue is made up of specialized

cells called cardiomyocytes and together

they are responsible for pumping the

heart

which we will discuss in a separate

lecture of electrical conduction

system of the heart now that we're done

with the cardiac muscle it's turned for

the four chambers of heart

we have an animation on the right for

your visual understanding

as we all know the heart is made up of

four chambers two upper chambers

known as the left atrium and the right

atrium and of course the two lower

chambers

known as the left ventricle and the

right ventricle

there's no fun in explaining that the

right heart receives the oxygen poor

blood from the body

through the pulmonary circulation and

the left heart

pumps out the oxygen rich blood to the

body

through the systemic circulation it is

that simple actually

now take a look at the diagram again to

get a visual limit so you can get a

better understanding

now after the four chambers it's turned

for the four valves of the heart

we do have a diagram on the right for

your visual understanding

just like four chambers there are four

valves one for each chamber of the heart

these valves keep the blood moving

through the heart in the right direction

these four valves are called the

bicuspid valve also known as the mitral

valve

the tricuspid valve also known as the

right atrioventrical valve

the aortic valve and of course the

pulmonary valve the aortic and pulmonary

valves are also known as semilunar

valves

the bicuspid valve and tricuspid valve

are located between the atriums and the

ventricles

whereas the aortic valve and the

pulmonary valve are located between the

ventricles

and the major blood vessels leaving the

heart such as the aorta

and the pulmonary artery we will have a

separate lecture on pulmonary

circulation

and systemic circulation to explain you

exactly the entire circuit of the blood

flow

where you will learn how the

deoxygenated blood passes through the

lungs

via pulmonary circulation to get

oxygenated and eventually

and ultimately gets pumped out to the

rest of the body through the systemic

circulation

this concludes our lecture for today we

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