The full form of MD5 is Message-Digest algorithm 5. It’s used on Computing ,Security in Worldwide

Message Digest Algorithm 5 (MD5) is a cryptographic hash algorithm that can be used to create a 128-bit string value from an arbitrary length string. Although there has been insecurities identified with MD5, it is still widely used. MD5 is most commonly used to verify the integrity of files. However, it is also used in other security protocols and applications such as SSH, SSL, and IPSec. Some applications strengthen the MD5 algorithm by adding a salt value to the plaintext or by applying the hash function multiple times.

MD5 (Message-Digest algorithm 5) is a widely used cryptographic hash function that results in a 128-bit hash value. The 128-bit (16-byte) MD5 hashes (also termed message digests) typically are represented as 32-digit hexadecimal numbers (for example, ec55d3e698d289f2afd663725127bace). EAP-MD-5 typically is not recommended for wireless LAN implementations because it may expose the user’s password, and because several collision-based weaknesses have been demonstrated. It provides for only one way authentication – there is no mutual authentication of wireless client and the network. And very importantly it does not provide a means to derive dynamic, per-session wired equivalent privacy (WEP) keys.

MD5 was designed by Ronald Rivest in 1991 to replace an earlier hash function MD4, and was specified in 1992 as RFC 1321.

One basic requirement of any cryptographic hash function is that it should be computationally infeasible to find two distinct messages that hash to the same value. MD5 fails this requirement catastrophically; such collisions can be found in seconds on an ordinary home computer.

On 31 December 2008, the CMU Software Engineering Institute concluded that MD5 was essentially “cryptographically broken and unsuitable for further use”.  The weaknesses of MD5 have been exploited in the field, most infamously by the Flame malware in 2012. As of 2019, MD5 continues to be widely used, despite its well-documented weaknesses and deprecation by security experts