The Full Form of JDO is Java Data Objects.

The Java Data Objects (JDO) API is a standard interface-based Java model abstraction of persistence, developed under the auspices of the Java Community Process. The original JDO 1.0 is Java Specification Request 12 ( JSR 12), and the current JDO 2.0 is Java Specification Request 243 ( JSR 243). Beginning with JDO 2.0, the development of the API and the Technology Compatibility Kit (TCK) takes place within the Apache JDO open-source project.

If you are an application programmer, you can use JDO technology to directly store your Java domain model instances into the persistent store (database). Alternatives to JDO include direct file I/O, serialization, JDBC, Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB), Bean-Managed Persistence (BMP) or Container-Managed Persistence (CMP) entity beans, and the Java Persistence API.

The Apache JDO project is focused on building the JDO API and the TCK for compatibility testing of JDO implementations. Commercial and open-source implementations of JDO, providing the APIs used by application developers and their customers, are available for relational databases, object databases, and file systems.